Stomatognathicevaluationatfiveyearsofageinchildrenbornprematureandatterm
KAvilaNeryGuimarães,AllinydeSouzaBastos,KarolineGuedeesquitaSalviano,NeuzaJosinaSales,MariaLuizaDóriaAlmeidaandRicardoQueirozGurgel
BMCPediatrics2015,15:27doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0343-6
Published:29March2015
Abstract
Background
Giventhehighfrequencyofalterationsofthestomatognathicsystemassociatedwithprematurebirthmaysuggestthatprematurityisanimportantriskfactorinthedevelopmentofthissystem.Prematuritywithanincidencebetween6-11%ofbirthsandisassociatedwithfactorssuchasgenetic,maternalconditions.Inaddition,undesirablesituations,suchaschangesinenamelandthedevelopmentoftheskeletalstructure,alsoappearstobeassociatedwithprematurity,estimulamdotonewresearch.Thisstudyaimedtolookforchangesinthestomatognathicsystematfiveyearsofageassociatedwithprematurebirth.
Methods
Weestimatedtheprevalenceofdevelopmentaldisordersofthestomatognathicsystemintheprimarydentitionofpreschool413tofiveyearsofage.Changesinpreterminfants(n = 32)comparedwithtermborn(n = 381)wereevaluated.Clinicalexaminationsandcompletionquestionnairewithsociodemographicandhealthofmothersandchildreninformation.Gestationalage,birthweight,headcircumference,Apgarandmechanicalventilation,werecollectedfromthemedicalrecordstobirthrecords.Theexplanatoryvariablewaspreterm(<37weeksgestationalage).
Results
Prevalenceof7.7%ofpretermwasfound.Ofthese,40.6%hadatresiapalate,56.2%malocclusionand21.8%enamelhipoplasia.Forty(9.6%)childrenwerenotbreastfedatthebreast,and26(65.0%)hadsometypeofmalocclusion,showingassociationbetweenlackofbreastfeedingwithinandabnormaldevelopmentofthestomatognathicsystem.Thegroupofpretermshowedfivetimeorechangesinheadcircumferenceandthreetimeoremechanicalventilationuseatbirth.Changeinheadcircumferenceatbirthandmechanicalventilationhasasignificantassociationbetweengroupsofpretermandterminfants.
Conclusions
Mechanicalventilationatbirthdirectlycontributedtoanincreasedriskofdevelopmentaldisordersofthestomatognathicsysteminpreterminfants,especiallydentalhypoplasia.Non-breastfedchildrenhadahigherriskofdevelopingmalocclusion.Alterationsinheadcircumferencewererelatedeffectiveondentalmalocclusion.Theresultssuggestthatchangesinthestomatognathicsystemareinfluencedbyprematurebirthandpointstotheimperativeneedofusingmethodsofpreventive.
