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    2Â¥  ·¢±íÓÚ: 2010-05-13 21:01
    Synthesis of anthracene-9,10-diylbis(methylene) bis(diethylcarbamodithioate) and its recongnition to metal ion

    Chen Guofeng, Dong Xiaoyun, Li Jitai, Bai Guoyi, Wang Shuxiang
    (College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University; Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China)

    Abstract A fluorescent probes with having two dithiocarbamates groups as receptors were designed. The titration experiment indicated that these probes are highly selective to Hg2+, which shows a pronounced fluorescence enhancement. It was also found that the response to Hg2+ is a typical PET-suppressed process. The stoichiometry of the probe-metal ion complex was estimated to be 1:1 by a nonlinear curve fitting of the fluorescence titration.
    Keywords fluorescent probe£» anthracene£» dithiocarbamate£»molecular recognition£»metal ion.

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    2 ʵÑ鲿·Ö
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    2.2 9,10-¶þÂȼ׻ùÝìµÄÖƱ¸

        ½« 120 mL ¸ÉÔï´¦Àí¹ýµÄ 1,4-¶þÑõÁù»·ºÍ 20 mL ŨÑÎËá¼ÓÈëµ½´øÓиÉÔï¹ÜµÄ 250 mL Èý¿ÚÆ¿ÖУ¬Í¨ÈëÐÂÖƵĸÉÔïÂÈ»¯ÇâÆøÌå (ŨÁòËáµÎÈëÂÈ»¯ÄÆÖÐÖƵÃ)£¬´ýÂÈ»¯ÇâÆøÌå´ïµ½±¥ºÍºó£¬¼ÓÈë 15.0 g (84 mmol) ÝìºÍ13.0 g¶à¾Û¼×È©»ºÂý½Á°è£¬¼ÓÈÈÖÁ΢·Ð£¬¼ÌÐøͨÈëÂÈ»¯ÇâÆøÌå 2 h¡£È»ºóֹͣͨÈëÂÈ»¯ÇâÆøÌ壬»ºÂý½Á°è£¬±£³ÖÇá΢»ØÁ÷Ô¼ 3 hºóÍ£Ö¹¼ÓÈÈ£¬¼ÌÐø½Á°è 16 h¡£¹ýÂ˵õ½»ÆÂÌÉ«¹ÌÌ壬ÓöþÑõÁù»·¶à´ÎÏ´µÓ£¬¼×±½ÖؽᾧµÃµ½»ÆÂÌÉ«¹ÌÌå 9,10-¶þÂȼ׻ùÝì 13.0 g£¬²úÂÊ£º56.1%£¬mp: 257-259¡æ£¬[ÎÄÏ×Öµ[10]: 258-260¡æ]¡£
    2.3 9,10-¶þÝì¼×»ùË«¶þÒÒ°±»ù¶þÁò´ú¼×Ëáõ¥µÄºÏ³É

        ½« 9,10-¶þÂȼ׻ùÝì 275 mg (1 mmol)£¬´øÈý¸ö½á¾§Ë®µÄ¶þÒÒ°±»ù¶þÁò´ú¼×ËáÄÆ 0.9 g (4 mmol)£¬±ûͪ 60 mL ¼ÓÈëµ½ 100 mL µÄÈý¿ÚÔ²µ×ÉÕÆ¿ÖУ¬ÊÒνÁ°è 36 h£¬TLC ¼à²âµ×Îï·´Ó¦ÍêÈ«£¬¼õѹÕô³ýÈܼÁ£¬ÍùÊ£ÓàÎïÖмÓÈë 50 mL Ë®£¬ÓöþÂȼ×ÍéÝÍÈ¡£¬ÓлúÏàÒÀ´ÎÓÃË®¡¢±¥ºÍʳÑÎË®ºÍˮϴµÓ£¬ÎÞË®ÁòËáÄƸÉÔï¹ýÒ¹£¬¼õѹÕô³ýÈܼÁ£¬ÖùÉ«Æ×·ÖÀë (»·¼ºÍé/¶þÂȼ×Íé=5:1) µÃµ½»ÆÉ«¹ÌÌå 0.403 g£¬ÊÕÂÊ£º80.6£¥£¬mp: 165-168¡æ¡£
       IR (KBr) ¦Í (cm-1) 2974, 2930, 2867, 1675, 1486, 1440, 1416, 1377, 1352, 1266, 1202, 1141; 1H NMR (CDCl3) ¦Ä: 8.35 (dd, J1=3.0 Hz, J2=7.0 Hz, 4H), 7.59 (dd, J1=3.0 Hz, J2=7.0 Hz, 4H), 5.46 (s, 4H), 4.12 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 3.68 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 1.36 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.21 (t, J=7.0 Hz, 3H)£»13C NMR (CDCl3) ¦Ä: 195.51, 130.63, 127.63, 126.52, 125.32, 49.59, 46.99, 36.46, 12.66, 11.90¡£
    2.4 ×ÏÍâ¼°Ó«¹â¹âÆ׵IJⶨ
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      ÒÆÈ¡´¢±¸ÈÜÒº 1 mL ÈÜÓÚ 100 mL ÈÝÁ¿Æ¿ÖУ¬Óà N2 ´µ¸ÉÈܼÁ£¬ÓÃÒÒë涨ÈÝ£¬µÃŨ¶ÈΪ 1.0¡Á10-5 mol/L µÄ²âÊÔÈÜÒº¡£½øÐнðÊôÀë×Óʶ±ðɸѡ¡£Ì½ÕëµÄŨ¶ÈΪ1.0¡Á10-5 mol/L£¬·Ö±ð¶Ô 1.0¡Á10-4 mol/L µÄ NaClO4¡¢KClO4¡¢Mg(ClO4)2¡¢Ca(ClO4)2¡¢Zn(ClO4)2¡¢Cu(ClO4)2¡¢Co(ClO4)2¡¢Ni(ClO4)2¡¢Fe(ClO4)3¡¢Mn(ClO4)2¡¢Cd(ClO4)2¡¢AgClO4¡¢Hg(ClO4)2 ºÍ Pb(ClO4)2 ²â¶¨Ó«¹â¹âÆ׵ı仯¡£¶Ôɸѡ³ö±»Ê¶±ðµÄ½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬½øÐÐŨ¶ÈµÎ¶¨£¬¼´¸Ä±ä½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄŨ¶È£¬²â¶¨ÏàÓ¦µÄÓ«¹â¹âÆ׺Í×ÏÍâ¹âÆס£

    3 ½á¹ûÓëÌÖÂÛ
    3.1 ¶Ô²»Í¬½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄʶ±ð        
        ÔÚÒÒëæÈÜÒºÖУ¬¶Ô³£¼ûµÄ½ðÊôÀë×Ó Na+¡¢K+¡¢Mg2+¡¢Ca2+¡¢Zn2+¡¢Cu2+¡¢Co2+¡¢Ni2+¡¢Fe3+¡¢Mn2+¡¢Cd2+¡¢Ag+¡¢Hg2+ ºÍ Pb2+ ½øÐÐÁËʶ±ðÊÔÑ飬Ñо¿ÁËÖ÷Ìå·Ö×ÓÓ«¹â¹âÆ׶ÔÕâЩ½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄÏìÓ¦Çé¿ö¡£

    ͼ 1 ÒÒëæÈÜÒºÖÐÖ÷Ìå·Ö×Ó (1.0¡Á10-5 M) µÄÓ«¹â¹âÆ׶Բ»Í¬½ðÊôÀë×Ó (1.0¡Á10-4 M) µÄÏìÓ¦
    Fig. 1 Fluorescence spectra of host molecule in the presence of 10 equiv. of various metal ions in acetonitrile. [host molecule]=1.0¡Á10-5 M. Excitation wavelength: 365 nm. Bandwidth (Ex): 5 nm. Bandwidth (Em): 5 nm.

        Èçͼ 1 Ëùʾ£¬Na+¡¢K+¡¢Mg2+¡¢Ca2+¡¢Zn2+¡¢Mn2+¡¢Cd2+ ºÍ Ag+ µÄ¼ÓÈ룬¶ÔÖ÷Ìå·Ö×ÓµÄÓ«¹â¹âÆ×»ù±¾²»²úÉúÓ°Ï죬Õâ¿ÉÒÔ½âÊÍΪ DTC ÓëÕâÀà½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄÅäλ×÷ÓúÜÈõ£¬»ù±¾²»Ó°ÏìÌåϵµÄ PET ¹ý³Ì£»Cu2+¡¢Co2+¡¢Ni2+¡¢Fe3+ ºÍ Pb2+ ʹ̽ÕëÓ«¹âÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼Ó (Ô¼ 7-10 ±¶)£»¶ø Hg2+ µÄ¼ÓÈëʹ̽ÕëµÄÓ«¹âÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼Óµ½Ô­À´µÄ 20 ±¶£¬·¢É䲨³¤²»±ä¡£²âÊÔ½á¹û±íÃ÷£¬»¯ºÏÎï¶Ô Hg2+ ÓнϸߵÄÑ¡ÔñÐÔ£¬ÑôÀë×ÓÒýÆðµÄÓ«¹âÔöÇ¿ÏÖÏó¹éÒòÓÚÖ÷¿ÍÌåÖ®¼äµÄÏ໥×÷ÓÃʹµÃÌåϵӫ¹âµÃÒÔ»Ö¸´µÄ¹ý³Ì¡£DTC ¼È×÷Ϊµç×Ó¸øÌåÓÖ×÷Ϊʶ±ð»ùÍÅ£¬Ê¹Ö÷Ìå·Ö×Ó×ÔÉíÓ«¹âÇ¿¶ÈϽµ¡£Hg2+ Àë×Ó¼ÓÈëºó£¬Óë¶þÒÒ°±»ù¶þÁò´ú¼×Ëá»ùÖеÄÁòÔ­×Ó·¢Éú×÷Óã¬Ê¹Ö÷ÌåÔ­ÓÐµÄ PET ¹ý³Ì²»ÔÙ·¢Éú£¬´Ó¶øÖ÷ÌåÓ«¹âµÃÒÔ»Ö¸´£¬·¢ÉäÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼Ó¡£

    ͼ 2 Ö÷Ìå·Ö×Ó (1.0¡Á10-5 M) µÄ»ý·ÖÓ«¹âÇ¿¶È¶Ô²»Í¬½ðÊôÀë×Ó (1.0¡Á10-4 M) µÄÏìÓ¦¡£Öù״ͼ´ú±í¼ÓÈë½ðÊôÀë×Óºó»ý·ÖÓ«¹âÇ¿¶È(F)Óë¼ÓÈë½ðÊôÀë×ÓÇ°»ý·ÖÓ«¹âÇ¿¶È(F0)µÄ±ÈÖµ(F/F0)¡£
    Fig.2 Integrated fluorescence response of host molecule (1.0¡Á10-5 M) to various metal ions (1.0¡Á10-4 M). Bars represent the final integrated fluorescence response (F) over the initial intergtated emission (F0).

        ÏàÓ¦µÄÓ«¹âÇ¿¶È¶Ô±ÈÈçͼ 2¡£ÓÉÓÚ¶þÁò´ú°±»ù¼×Ëá»ùʶ±ð»ùÍÅÓ벻ͬ½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄÅäλÄÜÁ¦£¬´Ó¶øʹ´Ó¶þÁò´ú°±»ù¼×Ëá»ùµ½ÝìµÄ PET ЧӦÊܵ½²»Í¬³Ì¶ÈµÄÒÖÖÆ£¬Ì½ÕëÓ«¹âµÃµ½²»Í¬³Ì¶ÈµÄÔöÇ¿¡£¶þÁò´ú°±»ù¼×Ëá»ùÓë½ðÊôÀë×Ó²»Í¬µÄòüºÏÄÜÁ¦ÎªÌ½ÕëÉè¼ÆÖеÄÑ¡ÔñÐÔ´´ÔìÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄÆõ»ú¡£

    ͼ 3 Ö÷Ìå·Ö×Ó (1.0¡Á10-5 M) µÄÓ«¹â¹âÆ×Ëæ Hg2+ µÄŨ¶ÈµÄ±ä»¯£¬²åͼÊÇ×î´ó·¢É䲨³¤´¦µÄÓ«¹âÇ¿¶ÈÓë Hg2+ µÄŨ¶ÈµÄ¹Øϵ
    Fig. 3 Fluorescence spectral changes of host molecule (1.0¡Á10-5 M) upon addition of Hg2+ in acetonitrile. Inset: fluorescence intensity at ¦Ëmax (em) as a function of Hg2+ concentration. Excitation wavelength: 365 nm. Bandwidth (Ex): 5 nm. Bandwidth (Em): 5 nm.

    3.2 ²»Í¬Å¨¶È Hg(¢ò) Àë×Ó¶Ô D1 Ó«¹â¹âÆ×µÄÓ°Ïì
        ÔÚÀë×ÓɸѡÊÔÑéµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬½øÒ»²½Ñо¿ÁË Hg(¢ò) Àë×ÓµÄŨ¶È¶ÔÖ÷Ìå·Ö×ÓÓ«¹â¹âÆ×µÄÓ°Ïì¡£´Óͼ 3 ¿É¼û£¬Ëæ×Å Hg2+ µÄ¼ÓÈ룬Ö÷Ìå·Ö×ÓµÄÓ«¹âÇ¿¶ÈÖð½¥Ôö´ó¡£µ±¼ÓÈë 1 µ±Á¿ Hg2+ ºó£¬×î´ó·¢É䲨³¤´¦Ó«¹â·¢ÉäÇ¿¶ÈÔö¼Óµ½Ô­À´µÄ 22 ±¶¡£¼ÌÐøÔö¼Ó Hg2+£¬Ó«¹âÇ¿¶È±ä»¯²»´ó¡£´Ó 419 nm ´¦Ó«¹âÇ¿¶È-Hg2+ Àë×ÓŨ¶È±ä»¯Í¼ÏÔʾ£¬Ö÷Ìå·Ö×ÓÓë Hg2+ ÐÎ³É 1:1 µÄÅäºÏÎÈÜÒºÖйýÁ¿µÄδ½áºÏ Hg2+ ¶ÔÓ«¹â̽ÕëµÄÓ°ÏìºÜС¡£¸ù¾Ý 419 nm ´¦Ó«¹âÇ¿¶È-Hg2+ Àë×ÓŨ¶È±ä»¯Í¼£¬ºÍ¹«Ê½¼ÆËãµÃÅäºÏÎïµÄÎȶ¨³£ÊýΪ1.2¡Á104 M-1£¬ÊÔÑé½á¹ûÓëµäÐ굀 PET ̽ÕëÐÔÄÜÏà·û¡£Ö÷Ìå·Ö×Ó¶Ô Hg2+ µÄʶ±ð×÷Ó*************************÷ÏÔ¸ßÓÚ Pb2+¡¢Co2+¡¢Ni2+¡¢Fe3+ ºÍ Cu2+£¬ÊÇÒòΪǰÕßÓë DTC ¹ÙÄÜÍŵÄÅäλ×÷ÓÃÇ¿ÓÚºóÕß¡£

    ͼ 4 ÒÒëæÈÜÒºÖÐÖ÷Ìå·Ö×Ó (1.0¡Á10-5 M) µÄ×ÏÍâÎüÊÕ¹âÆ×¶Ô Hg2+ (1.0¡Á10-4 M) µÄÏìÓ¦
    Fig. 4 Absorption spectral changes of host molecule (1.0¡Á10-5 M) upon addition of Hg2+ (1.0¡Á10-4 M) in acetonitrile.

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    REFERENCES
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