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论文标题：Nighttime eating and breast cancer among Chinese women inChinaHong Kong
期刊：Breast Cancer Research
作者：Mengjie Li, Lap Ah Tse, Wing-cheong Chan, Chi-hei Kwok, Siu-lan Leung, Cherry Wu, Wai-cho Yu, Priscilla Ming-yi Lee, Koon-ho Tsang, Sze-hong Law, Roel Vermeulen, Fangyi Gu, Neil E. Caporaso, Ignatius Tak-sun Yu, Feng Wang Xiaohong Rose Yang
发表时间：2017/03/17
DOI：10.1186/s13058-017-0821-x
微信链接：
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/3NeQWk8LVpdicfnUApDBqg 一项新颖的研究表明，吃夜宵对代谢的影响可能与乳腺癌高度相关。研究人员于是在中国香港地区的女性中研究了晚上10点后吃夜宵和乳腺癌的关系，相关成果发表在Breast Cancer Research 上。
最近几年，吃夜宵的文化愈发流行。但大鼠实验研究表明，虽然吃的东西没有变化，但在不该进食的夜间吃东西会导致大鼠的体重增加，而在正常时间进食的对照大鼠组中体重并没有增加。流行病学研究也证实在晚上进食，尤其是在接近睡眠的时间里进食比一天中其他时间里进食更容易导致肥胖。
吃夜宵节律性地延后了每日的进食，会导致神经内分泌功能的改变，这其中包括食物调节蛋白（例如瘦素、生长素释放肽和胰岛素）以及昼夜节律性褪黑激素和皮质醇激素。进食行为也是外周生物钟的一个重要的授时因子（用于带动生物节律的外部因素），外周生物钟在正常的昼夜节律中与中枢生物钟同步。研究证明在与昼夜节律不相符的时间进食会导致啮齿动物发生昼夜节律的相移和失调，并导致代谢激素水平的变化，而这可能就是导致与肥胖相关的疾病例如癌症的原因。
除了一些零星的实验研究外，关于吃宵夜与乳腺癌风险之间关系的数据非常少。美国一项研究（国家健康与营养检查调查，NHANES）的结果表明，夜间禁食时间的增加与血糖调节的改善有关，从而降低的乳腺癌风险。本次发表的这项研究的目的是通过乳腺癌病例对照研究来评估吃宵夜与女性乳腺癌风险之间的关联，该研究中包括了很全面的危险因素数据。
研究人员在2012-2015年期间进行的一项基于医院的病例对照研究中，一共招募了922名乳腺癌患者（病例）和913名医院里的对照参与者并使用了标准问卷（包括白天和黑夜的饮食行为信息）对他们进行了调查。问卷内容包括在日间和夜间进食的相关信息如时间点、时间长度、夜间所吃食物的类型和进食频率。通过无条件多变量逻辑回归，计算了与夜间饮食相关变量造成的乳腺癌风险几率（OR）。
研究发现，晚上10点以后进食与乳腺癌显著相关，并且在夜间进食时间最长以及在很晚的时间（午夜至凌晨2点）进食的女性中这种关联更为显著。有趣的是，研究人员只在食用主食的女性中发现吃夜宵与乳腺癌相关，在以蔬菜或水果作为夜餐的妇女中则没有发现这种关联。另外，吃宵夜与乳腺癌的显著关联只存在于体重指数（BMI）25，在BMI25的女性中没有观察到这种关联。
总结来说，该研究结果表明，与对照组相比，乳腺癌患者中夜间进食更为普遍，进食行为与乳腺癌之间可能存在关联。这些发现需要通过更多的流行病学研究，尤其是具有前瞻性设计和大量研究对象的研究来确认这种关联并探索其潜在机制。
点击此处，了解更多Springer Nature关于乳腺癌的研究。
摘要：
Background
A novel line of research suggests that eating at nighttime may have several metabolic consequences that are highly relevant to breast cancer. We investigated the association between nighttime eating habits after 10 p.m. and breast cancer inChinaHong Kong women.
Methods
A hospital-based case-control study was conducted during 20122015. A total of 922 patients with incident breast cancer (cases) and 913 hospital controls were recruited and interviewed using a standard questionnaire including information on eating behavior during both daytime and nighttime. We collected the timing, duration, types and frequencies of food intake of eating at nighttime. Odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of breast cancer in relation to nighttime eating-related variables were calculated by unconditional multivariable logistic regression.
Results
Eating at night after 10 pm was significantly associated with breast cancer with an adjusted OR of 1.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.062.12, P=0.02), and the associations were stronger in women who had the longest duration of nighttime eating (20 years) (adjusted OR=2.28 (95% CI 1.134.61, P=0.02) and who ate late (midnight to 2 a.m.) (adjusted OR=2.73, 95% CI 1.016.99, P=0.04). Interestingly, nighttime eating was only associated with breast cancer among women who consumed staple foods (OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.423.29, P0.001) but not those who ate vegetables or fruits as nighttime meals. The significant association between nighttime eating and breast cancer was observed among women with body mass index (BMI) 25 (OR=2.29, 95% CI 1.483.52, P0.001) but not among women with BMI 25.
Conclusions
Results from this study suggest a possible association between nighttime eating behavior and breast cancer. These findings need to be confirmed by independent large studies.
（来源：科学网）
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