Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine,
New Haven, Connecticut
Central to the development of cancer are genetic changes that endow these “cancer cells”
with many of the hallmarks of cancer, such as self-sufficient growth and resistance to antigrowth
and pro-death signals. However, while the genetic changes that occur within cancer
cells themselves, such as activated oncogenes or dysfunctional tumor suppressors, are responsible
for many aspects of cancer development, they are not sufficient. Tumor promotion
and progression are dependent on ancillary processes provided by cells of the tumor environment
but that are not necessarily cancerous themselves. Inflammation has long been associated
with the development of cancer. This review will discuss the reflexive relationship
between cancer and inflammation with particular focus on how considering the role of inflammation
in physiologic processes such as the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and repair
may provide a logical framework for understanding the connection between the inflammatory
response and cancer.
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